Micron Document
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-0 vector-toc-not-available vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-0 skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled" lang="de" dir="ltr"><head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Sphaeroeca</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="./_res_/favicon.png">
<link rel="canonical" href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphaeroeca"> <link href="./_mw_/ext.cite.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/ext.wikimediamessages.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/skins.vector.icons.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/skins.vector.search.codex.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/skins.vector.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content="">
<link href="./_mw_/ext.gadget.citeRef.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/ext.gadget.defaultPlainlinks.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/ext.gadget.dewikiCommonHide.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/ext.gadget.dewikiCommonLayout.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/ext.gadget.dewikiCommonStyle.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/ext.gadget.dewikiDarkmode.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/ext.gadget.dewikiResponsive.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/ext.gadget.specialSearch.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./_mw_/site.styles.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./_mw_/noscript.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./_res_/footer.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./_res_/vector-2022.css">
</head>
<body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Sphaeroeca rootpage-Sphaeroeca skin-vector-2022 action-view">
<div class="mw-page-container">
<div class="mw-page-container-inner">
<div class="mw-content-container">
<main id="content" class="mw-body">
<header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar">
<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Sphaeroeca</i></h1>
</header>
<a id="top"></a>
<div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-targetContainer" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container="">
<div id="contentSub">
<div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div>
</div>
<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r183054365">
/* start https://de.wikipedia.org/ */


.mw-parser-output .Person{font-variant:small-caps}.mw-parser-output table.taxobox{background:white;border:1px solid #72777d;border-collapse:collapse;clear:right;float:right;margin:1em 0 1em 1em}.mw-parser-output table.taxobox>*>*>th{background:#9bcd9b;border:1px solid #72777d;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output table.taxobox.palaeobox>*>*>th{background:#e7dcc3}.mw-parser-output table.taxobox.parabox>*>*>th{background:#b9b9b9}.mw-parser-output table.taxobox>*>*>td.Person,.mw-parser-output table.taxobox>*>*>td.taxo-name,.mw-parser-output table.taxobox>*>*>td.taxo-bild,.mw-parser-output table.taxobox>*>*>td.taxo-zeit{text-align:center}


/* end https://de.wikipedia.org/ */
</style>
<table cellpadding="2" class="float-right taxobox infobox" id="Vorlage_Taxobox" style="width:300px;margin-top:0.5em;" summary="Taxobox">
<tbody><tr>
<th><i>Sphaeroeca</i>
</th></tr>


<tr>
<td class="taxo-bild" style="font-size:smaller;">
<p><a href="Kolonie_(Biologie)" title="Kolonie (Biologie)">Kolonie</a> von <i>Sphaeroeca</i> sp.
</p>
</td></tr>


<tr>
<th><a href="Systematik_(Biologie)" title="Systematik (Biologie)">Systematik</a>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>
<table class="toptextcells" style="width:100%;">
<tbody><tr>
<td><i>ohne&nbsp;Rang:</i>
</td>
<td><a href="Opisthokonta" title="Opisthokonta">Opisthokonta</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><i>ohne&nbsp;Rang:</i>
</td>
<td><a href="Holozoa" title="Holozoa">Holozoa</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><i><a href="Klasse_(Biologie)" title="Klasse (Biologie)">Klasse</a>:</i>
</td>
<td><a href="Kragengei%C3%9Feltierchen" title="Kragengeißeltierchen">Kragengeißeltierchen</a> (Choanomonada)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><i><a href="Ordnung_(Biologie)" title="Ordnung (Biologie)">Ordnung</a>:</i>
</td>
<td>Craspedida
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><i><a href="Familie_(Biologie)" title="Familie (Biologie)">Familie</a>:</i>
</td>
<td><a href="Salpingoecidae" title="Salpingoecidae">Salpingoecidae</a>
</td></tr>


<tr>
<td><i><a href="Gattung_(Biologie)" title="Gattung (Biologie)">Gattung</a>:</i>
</td>
<td><i>Sphaeroeca</i>
</td></tr>

</tbody></table>
</td></tr>










<tr>
<th><a href="Nomenklatur_(Biologie)" title="Nomenklatur (Biologie)">Wissenschaftlicher Name</a>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td class="taxo-name"><i>Sphaeroeca</i>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="Person"><a href="Robert_Lauterborn" title="Robert Lauterborn">Lauterborn</a>, 1894<sup id="cite_ref-Lauterborn1894_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lauterborn1894-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>

</tbody></table>
<p><i><b>Sphaeroeca</b></i> ist eine <a href="Gattung_(Biologie)" title="Gattung (Biologie)">Gattung</a> von <a href="Kolonie_(Biologie)" title="Kolonie (Biologie)">kolonienbildender</a> <a href="Kragengei%C3%9Feltierchen" title="Kragengeißeltierchen">Kragengeißeltierchen</a> (Choanoflagellaten oder Choanomonaden) aus der Gruppe Craspedida. <a href="Typusart" class="mw-redirect" title="Typusart">Typusart</a> ist <i>S. volvox</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Lauterborn1894_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lauterborn1894-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beschreibung">Beschreibung</h2></div>
<p>Die <i>Sphaeroeca</i>-<a href="Kolonie_(Biologie)" title="Kolonie (Biologie)">Kolonien</a> sind milchig erscheinende Kugeln, in denen die Kragengeißelzellen (Choanozyten) außen mit einem Faden (<a href="Englische_Sprache" title="Englische Sprache">englisch</a> <span lang="en">stalk</span>, auch <span lang="en">peduncle</span><sup id="cite_ref-Carr2017_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carr2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>; <a href="Spanische_Sprache" title="Spanische Sprache">spanisch</a> <span lang="es">hilo</span>) am zentralen Teil befestigt sind. Dieser verbindet sie somit und hält die Kolonie zusammen.<sup id="cite_ref-flickr4382822058_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flickr4382822058-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Es war lange nicht klar, ob der Organismus den Tieren oder Pflanzen näher steht,<sup id="cite_ref-flickr4382822058_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flickr4382822058-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was an der äußerlichen Ähnlichkeit zur Kugelalge <i><a href="Volvox" title="Volvox">Volvox</a></i> liegen mag.
</p><p>Als Choanoflagellat gehört <i>Sphaeroeca</i> genauso wie die Schwestergattung <i><a href="Salpingoeca" title="Salpingoeca">Salpingoeca</a></i> zu dieser Gruppe seltener Mikroorganismen, die ein Bindeglied zwischen einzelligen Organismen und mehrzelligen Tieren (einschließlich uns Menschen) darstellen. Das Hauptmerkmal der Choanoflagellaten ist ein körbchenförmiger Kragen, von dessen Mitte eine lange <a href="Flagellum" title="Flagellum">Geißel</a> ausgeht. Die Geißeln der peripheren Choanozyten einer Kugelkolonie sind daher in der Lage, diese im Wasser voranzutreiben.
Solitäre Choanoflagellaten haben in der Regel einen Stiel, mit dem sie an das <a href="Substrat_(%C3%96kologie)" title="Substrat (Ökologie)">Substrat</a> gebunden sind.
Im Fall von <i>Sphaeroeca</i> sind die Choanozyten mit ihrem Stiel an das Zentrum der kugelförmigen Formation gebunden. Charakteristischerweise sind Choanozyten durch eine <a href="Lorica_(Einzeller)" title="Lorica (Einzeller)">Lorica</a> geschützt, eine Art dünne, transparente Hülle oder Schale, in der die eingehüllt sind, und die an der dem Stiel gegenüberliegenden Seite offen ist.
Auf der Seite dieser Öffnung wird die Zelle durch einen sehr dünnen, körbchenförmigen Kragen verlängert, aus dessen Basis die Geißel austritt.<sup id="cite_ref-flickr4382822058_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flickr4382822058-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Diese Organismen ähneln etwas der Gattung <i>Proterospongia</i> (syn. <i>Protospongia</i><sup id="cite_ref-NIES_Prot_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIES_Prot-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>); die gestielten Individuen (Choanozyten) sind aber mit ihren Stielen strahlenförmig in der kugelförmigen Kolonie angeordnet, die eine gallertartige Masse bildet.<sup id="cite_ref-NIES_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIES-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
Diese Anordnung der Einzelzellen zu Gallertkugeln und die rotierende Fortbewegung dieser Kugeln sich ähnlich wie <i><a href="Uroglena" title="Uroglena">Uroglena volvox</a></i> <small><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r261921330">
/* start https://de.wikipedia.org/ */


.mw-parser-output .Person{font-variant:small-caps}


/* end https://de.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><span class="Person h-card">Ehrb.</span></small> (<a href="Chrysophyceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrysophyceae">Chrysophyceae</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-NCBI_U_volvox_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NCBI_U_volvox-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> rotierend fortbewegen.<sup id="cite_ref-Lauterborn1894_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lauterborn1894-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> galt bei der Erstbeschreibung durch Lauterborn 1894 als Unterscheidungsmerkmal zu allen anderen Choanoflagellaten.<sup id="cite_ref-Lauterborn1894_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lauterborn1894-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Im Inneren der Kugelkolonien findet man fast immer <a href="Symbiose" title="Symbiose">symbiotische</a> runde grünliche <a href="Mikroalgen" class="mw-redirect" title="Mikroalgen">Mikroalgen</a><sup id="cite_ref-Lauterborn1894_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lauterborn1894-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="Chrysomonaden" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrysomonaden">Chrysomonaden</a> – früher auch Chrysomonadinen<sup id="cite_ref-Lauterborn1894_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lauterborn1894-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> genannt: <a href="Zooxanthelle" title="Zooxanthelle">Zooxanthellen</a>).
</p><p>Im Gegensatz zu <i>S. volvox</i> hat <i>S. leprechaunica</i> nackte, frei schwebende reife Zellen, denen ein Stiel zur Befestigung fehlt.<sup id="cite_ref-Carr2017_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carr2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p><a href="Habitat" title="Habitat">Habitat</a>: <a href="S%C3%BC%C3%9Fwasser" title="Süßwasser">Süßwasser</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NIES_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIES-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Artenliste">Artenliste</h2></div>
<p>Mit Stand 1. Oktober 2024 gehören zur Gattung (laut jeweiligem Nachweis) folgende Arten:
</p><p>Gattung <i><b>Sphaeroeca</b></i> <small><span class="Person h-card"><a href="Robert_Lauterborn" title="Robert Lauterborn">Lauterborn</a></span>, 1894</small><sup>(A,<span style="font-size:larger">e</span>,G,I,J,N,W)</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lauterborn1894_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lauterborn1894-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Carr2017_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carr2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<ul><li><i>Sphaeroeca laxa</i> <small><span class="Person h-card">Guarrera</span></small><sup>(A)</sup></li>
<li><i>Sphaeroeca leprechaunica</i> <small><span class="Person h-card"><a href="Robert_Lauterborn" title="Robert Lauterborn">Lauterborn</a></span>, 1894</small><sup>(<span style="font-size:larger">e</span>,N)</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Carr2017_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carr2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Sphaeroeca pedicellata</i> <small><span class="Person h-card">(Oxley) <a href="Ernst_Lemmermann" title="Ernst Lemmermann">Lemmermann</a></span></small><sup>(A?,W?)</sup></li>
<li><i>Sphaeroeca salina</i> <small><span class="Person h-card">Bourrelly</span>, 1957</small><sup>(A,W)</sup></li>
<li><i><a href="#Sphaeroeca_volvox">Sphaeroeca volvox</a></i> <small><span class="Person h-card"><a href="Robert_Lauterborn" title="Robert Lauterborn">Lauterborn</a></span>, 1894</small><sup>(A,<span style="font-size:larger">e</span>,G,I,J,N,P)</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Prot_volvox_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Prot_volvox-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Prot_volvox_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Prot_volvox-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Karpov1981_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Karpov1981-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-flickr4382822058_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flickr4382822058-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Pling_volvox_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pling_volvox-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mikro-Forum_volvox_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mikro-Forum_volvox-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lauterborn1899_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lauterborn1899-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<hr>
<p>Quellen:
</p>
<div style="column-width:24em">
<dl><dd>(<span style="font-size:larger">e</span>)<span style="visibility:hidden;">G</span>– <span lang="en"><a href="Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">Encyclopedia of Life</a> (eo<small>L</small>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-EOL_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EOL-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd>
<dd>(A)<span style="visibility:hidden;">G</span>– <a href="AlgaeBase" title="AlgaeBase">AlgaeBase</a><sup id="cite_ref-AlgaeBase_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AlgaeBase-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd>
<dd>(G)<span style="visibility:hidden;">J</span>– <span lang="en"><a href="Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">Global Biodiversity Information Facility</a> (GBIF)</span><sup id="cite_ref-GBIF_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GBIF-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd>
<dd>(I)<span style="visibility:hidden;">W</span>– <span lang="en">Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera (IRMNG)</span><sup id="cite_ref-IRMNG_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IRMNG-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd>
<dd>(J)<span style="visibility:hidden;">W</span>– <span lang="en"><a href="National_Institute_for_Environmental_Studies" title="National Institute for Environmental Studies">National Institute for Environmental Studies</a> (NIES)</span>, <a href="Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a><sup id="cite_ref-NIES_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIES-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd>
<dd>(N)<span style="visibility:hidden;">G</span>– Taxonomie des <span lang="en"><a href="National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">National Center for Biotechnology Information</a> (NCBI)</span><sup id="cite_ref-NCBI_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NCBI-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd>
<dd>(P)<span style="visibility:hidden;">G</span>– Wolfgang Bettighofer: Protisten.de<sup id="cite_ref-Protisten_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Protisten-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd>
<dd>(W)<span style="visibility:hidden;">I</span>– <span lang="en"><a href="World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">World Register of Marine Species</a> (WoRMS)</span><sup id="cite_ref-WoRMS_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WoRMS-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl>
</div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Phylogenie">Phylogenie</h2></div>

<div style="clear:both;"></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sphaeroeca_volvox"><i>Sphaeroeca volvox</i></h2></div>

<p><i>Sphaeroeca volvox</i> bildet freischwimmende, kugelförmige Kolonien. Ihre gestielten Zellen (Choanozyten) sind in großer Zahl radial in eine Gallertkugel eingebettet.<sup id="cite_ref-Lauterborn1894_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lauterborn1894-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lauterborn1899_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lauterborn1899-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Die Choanozyten selbst sind rundlich ei- bis birnenförmig, hinten etwas zugespitzt.
Ihr Stiel ist etwa doppelt so lang wie der Körper; auch die Geißel ist sehr lang (oft mit fünffacher Körperlänge).
Der Kragen ist ziemlich hoch, vorne etwas erweitert.
Es gibt im hinteren Teil eine <a href="Kontraktile_Vakuole" title="Kontraktile Vakuole">kontraktile Vakuole</a>.
Der <a href="Zellkern" title="Zellkern">Zellkern</a> (Nukleus) ist bläschenförmig mit deutlichem <a href="Nukleolus" class="mw-redirect" title="Nukleolus">Nukleolus</a>.
Der Zellkörper ist 8–12&nbsp;<a href="Meter#Mikrometer" title="Meter">µm</a> lang (ohne Kragen); die Kolonien haben einen Durchmesser von 82–200&nbsp;µm (nach Lauterborn 120–200&nbsp;µm).<sup id="cite_ref-NIES_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIES-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lauterborn1894_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lauterborn1894-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p><i>Sphaeroeca volvox</i> lebt als Teil des <a href="Plankton" title="Plankton">Planktons</a> im <a href="S%C3%BC%C3%9Fwasser" title="Süßwasser">Süßwasser</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-NIES_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIES-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-flickr4382822058_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flickr4382822058-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> evtl. auch im <a href="Salzwasser" title="Salzwasser">Salzwasser</a><sup id="cite_ref-flickr4382822058_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flickr4382822058-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (vielleicht <a href="Brackwasser" title="Brackwasser">Brackwasser</a>?).
</p><p>Ein <a href="Habitat" title="Habitat">Habitat</a> ist das <a href="Torfmoos" class="mw-redirect" title="Torfmoos">Torfmoos</a> (<i>Sphagnum</i>) wie beispielsweise das Portillo-Moor, in der Nähe von Boya<sup id="cite_ref-Boya_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boya-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> am Fuße der <a href="Sierra_de_la_Culebra" title="Sierra de la Culebra">Sierra de la Culebra</a> (Region <a href="Aliste_(Comarca)" title="Aliste (Comarca)">Aliste</a>, <a href="Provinz_Zamora" title="Provinz Zamora">Provinz Zamora</a>), Spanien.<sup id="cite_ref-flickr4382822058_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flickr4382822058-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
Zu den Fundorten in Deutschland gehören
</p>
<ul><li>in <a href="Schleswig-Holstein" title="Schleswig-Holstein">Schleswig-Holstein</a> ein Teich im Wald von <a href="Altenholz" title="Altenholz">Altenholz</a>-Stift;<sup id="cite_ref-Prot_volvox_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Prot_volvox-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>in <a href="Nordrhein-Westfalen" title="Nordrhein-Westfalen">Nordrhein-Westfalen</a> ein Teich („Grünes Klassenzimmer“) in <a href="Gevelsberg" title="Gevelsberg">Gevelsberg</a>, ein Teich in <a href="Herne" title="Herne">Herne</a>/<a href="Wanne-Eickel" title="Wanne-Eickel">Wanne</a> und ein Teich (IG-Metall-Bildungszentrum) in <a href="Sprockh%C3%B6vel" title="Sprockhövel">Sprockhövel</a>/<a href="Hasslinghausen" class="mw-redirect" title="Hasslinghausen">Hasslinghausen</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-Pling_volvox_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pling_volvox-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>in <a href="Hessen" title="Hessen">Hessen</a> der Nadelwald am <a href="Gro%C3%9Fer_Feldberg" title="Großer Feldberg">Großen Feldberg</a> (Pfütze auf Waldweg);<sup id="cite_ref-Mikro-Forum_volvox_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mikro-Forum_volvox-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>in <a href="Rheinland-Pfalz" title="Rheinland-Pfalz">Rheinland-Pfalz</a> befindet sich die Typlokalität: ein Teich in <a href="Maudach" title="Maudach">Maudach</a> (<a href="Ludwigshafen_am_Rhein" title="Ludwigshafen am Rhein">Ludwigshafen</a>), wo sie im Februar gerne auf der Oberfläche des Schlamms umher rollen.<sup id="cite_ref-Lauterborn1894_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lauterborn1894-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lauterborn1899_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lauterborn1899-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<p>Die Hauptnahrungsquelle von <i>S. volvox</i> sind <a href="Bakterien" title="Bakterien">Bakterien</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-flickr4382822058_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flickr4382822058-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Das Art-<a href="Epitheton" title="Epitheton">Epitheton</a> <i>volvox</i> kommt von <span style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal"><a href="Latein" title="Latein">lateinisch</a></span> <span lang="la-Latn" style="font-style:italic">volvere</span> <span lang="de" style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal">‚wälzen‘</span>, ‚rollen‘ (wie der Algen-Gattungsname <i><a href="Volvox" title="Volvox">Volvox</a></i>).
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-Lauterborn1894-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Lauterborn1894_1-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Lauterborn1894_1-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Lauterborn1894_1-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Lauterborn1894_1-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Lauterborn1894_1-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Lauterborn1894_1-5">f</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Lauterborn1894_1-6">g</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Lauterborn1894_1-7">h</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Lauterborn1894_1-8">i</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Lauterborn1894_1-9">j</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">
<a href="Robert_Lauterborn" title="Robert Lauterborn">Robert Lauterborn</a>: <i>Ue​ber die Winterfauna einiger Gewässer der Oberrheinebene. Mit Beschreibungen neuer Protozoen.</i> In: <i>Biologisches Centralblatt</i>, Band 14, 1894, S.&nbsp;390–398; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zobodat.at/pdf/Biologisches-Centralblatt_14_0390-0398.pdf">PDF</a> (zoobdat.at).</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Carr2017-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Carr2017_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Carr2017_2-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Carr2017_2-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Carr2017_2-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Carr2017_2-4">e</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">
Martin Carr, Daniel J. Richter, Parinaz Fozouni, Timothy J. Smith, Alexandra Jeuck, Barry S.&nbsp;C. Leadbeater, Frank Nitsche: <i>A six-gene phylogeny provides new insights into choanoflagellate evolution.</i> In: <i>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</i>, Band 107, Februar 2017, S.&nbsp;166–178; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.10.011" class="extiw external" title="doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.10.011">doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.10.011</a> (<a href="Englische_Sprache" title="Englische Sprache">englisch</a>).</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-flickr4382822058-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-flickr4382822058_3-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-flickr4382822058_3-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-flickr4382822058_3-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-flickr4382822058_3-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-flickr4382822058_3-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-flickr4382822058_3-5">f</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-flickr4382822058_3-6">g</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-flickr4382822058_3-7">h</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">
Proyecto Agua: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/microagua/4382822058">SPHAEROECA, SER DE LA FRONTERA</a> (Aufsicht auf die Kugelkolonie). Foto von <i>S. volvox</i>, Ort: Villardeciervos, Castilla y León, <a href="Spanien" title="Spanien">Spanien</a> (<a href="Spanische_Sprache" title="Spanische Sprache">spanisch</a>). Dazu:
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/microagua/4384314659/">EL INTERIOR DE SPHAEROECA VOLVOX</a> (Inneres, Zellen am Rand – gleiches Objekt, anderer Fokus).</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/microagua/23683176870">VOLTERETAS DE CORAZÓN, SPHAEROECA VOLVOX</a> („herzförmige“ Kolonie)</li></ul>
</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-NIES_Prot-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-NIES_Prot_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">
<a href="National_Institute_for_Environmental_Studies" title="National Institute for Environmental Studies">NIES</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nies.go.jp/chiiki1/protoz/morpho/flagella/protospo.htm"><i>Protospongia</i> Kent</a> (= <i>Proterospongia</i>); <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nies.go.jp/chiiki1/protoz/morpho/flagella/proteros.htm"><i>Proterospongia</i> Kent, 1880</a>. The World of Protozoa, Rotifera, Nematoda and Oligochaeta.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-NIES-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-NIES_5-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-NIES_5-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-NIES_5-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-NIES_5-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-NIES_5-4">e</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">
<a href="National_Institute_for_Environmental_Studies" title="National Institute for Environmental Studies">NIES</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nies.go.jp/chiiki1/protoz/morpho/flagella/sphaeroe.htm"><i>Sphaeroeca</i> Lauterborn</a>. The World of Protozoa, Rotifera, Nematoda and Oligochaeta.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-NCBI_U_volvox-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-NCBI_U_volvox_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">
<a href="National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a> Taxonomy Browser: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&amp;id=2582957"><i>Uroglena volvox</i> Ehrenberg 1834</a>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Prot_volvox-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Prot_volvox_7-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Prot_volvox_7-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Prot_volvox_7-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">
Wolfgang Bettighofer: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.protisten.de/home-new/colorless-flagellates/obazoa-choanoflagellata-colorless-flagellates/sphaeroeca-volvox/"><i>Sphaeroeca volvox</i></a>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Karpov1981-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Karpov1981_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">
Sergey A. Karpov: <i>Ultrathin structure of choanoflagellate Sphaeroeca volvox</i> (<i>Ультратонкое строение воротничкового жгутиконосца Sphaeroeca volvox</i>). Auf: <i>ResearchGate</i> (R<sup>G</sup>), Januar 1981, <a href="ResearchGate" class="mw-redirect" title="ResearchGate">ResearchGate</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285439961">285439961</a> (<a href="Russische_Sprache" title="Russische Sprache">russisch</a>).</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Pling_volvox-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Pling_volvox_9-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Pling_volvox_9-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">
Michael Plewka: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.plingfactory.de/Science/Atlas/KennkartenProtista/01e-protista/e-Zooflagellata/e-source/Sphaeroeca%20volvox.html">Sphaeroeca volvox Lauterborn, 1894</a>. Auf: Pling (plingfactory.de).</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Mikro-Forum_volvox-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Mikro-Forum_volvox_10-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Mikro-Forum_volvox_10-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Mikro-Forum_volvox_10-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">
Bernd: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mikroskopie-forum.de/index.php?topic=33134.0">Der koloniebildende Kragenflagellat Sphaeroeca volvox</a>. Auf: Mikro-Forum (mikroskopie-forum.de) vom 2. Januar 2019.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Lauterborn1899-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Lauterborn1899_11-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Lauterborn1899_11-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Lauterborn1899_11-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Robert_Lauterborn" title="Robert Lauterborn">Robert Lauterborn</a>: <i>Protozoen-Studien IV. Theil. Flagellaten aus dem Gebiete des Oberrheins.</i> In: <i>Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Zoologie</i>, Band 65 (LXV), 1899, S.&nbsp;369–391, Tafeln XXVII, XVIII; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zobodat.at/pdf/Zeitschrift-fuer-wiss-Zoologie_65_0369-0391.pdf">PDF</a>. Dazu: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mikroskopie-forum.de/pictures009/244057_47980820.jpg">Tafel XVII Fig.&nbsp;1</a> (via Mikro-Forum).<sup id="cite_ref-Mikro-Forum_volvox_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mikro-Forum_volvox-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-EOL-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-EOL_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">
<a href="Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life"><span style="font-size:larger">eo</span>L</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/92841">Sphaeroeca H.&nbsp;J. Lauterborn 1894</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/92841/names">Names</a>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-AlgaeBase-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-AlgaeBase_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">
<a href="AlgaeBase" title="AlgaeBase">AlgaeBase</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus_id=43786"><i>Sphaeroeca</i> Lauterborn, 1894</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-GBIF-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-GBIF_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">
<a href="GBIF" class="mw-redirect" title="GBIF">GBIF</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/3236030"><i>Sphaeroeca</i> Lauterborn, 1894</a>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-IRMNG-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-IRMNG_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">
<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&amp;id=1333101"><i>Sphaeroeca</i> Lauterborn, 1894</a>. Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera (IRMNG).</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-NCBI-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-NCBI_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">
<a href="National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a> Taxonomy Browser: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Tree&amp;id=37101&amp;lvl=3&amp;p=has_linkout&amp;p=blast_url&amp;p=genome_blast&amp;keep=1&amp;srchmode=1&amp;unlock">Sphaeroeca</a>. Dazu: Nucleotide: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/?term=txid2012338%5BOrganism:noexp%5D">Sphaeroeca sp.</a> (unclassified).</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Protisten-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Protisten_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">
Wolfgang Bettighofer: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.protisten.de/?s=Sphaeroeca">Suche: "Sphaeroeca"</a>. Auf:Protisten.de – Tiny Organisms in Aquatic Habitats.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-WoRMS-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-WoRMS_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">
<a href="WoRMS" class="mw-redirect" title="WoRMS">WoRMS</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&amp;id=600907"><i>Sphaeroeca</i> Lauterborn, 1894</a>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Boya-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Boya_19-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">
Boya ist ein Weiler in Mahide, Zamora, Kastilien-León.
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mapcarta.com/de/18601134">Boya</a>. Auf: MapCarta (de).</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/49561+Boya,+Provinz+Zamora,+Spanien/@41.9304199,-6.5711488,11.5z/data=!4m12!1m5!3m4!2zNDHCsDU1JzIyLjAiTiA2wrAyNyc1Ny4wIlc!8m2!3d41.922778!4d-6.465833!3m5!1s0xd3988f2d3f244d3:0xddfe275c6678fe0a!8m2!3d41.921984!4d-6.3555806!16s%2Fg%2F121p6d6q">Boya</a>. Auf: Google Maps.</li></ul>
</span></li>
</ol></div><!--htdig_noindex--><div><div class="zim-footer">
Dieser Artikel wurde von <a class="external text" title="Zuletzt bearbeitet am 2024-10-12" href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Sphaeroeca&amp;oldid=249351987">Wikipedia</a> herausgegeben. Der Text ist unter <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.de">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> verfügbar, sofern nicht anders angegeben. Für die Mediendateien können zusätzliche Bedingungen gelten.
</div>
</div><!--/htdig_noindex--></div>
</div>
</main>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script src="./_webp_/webpHandler.js"></script>

</body></html>